~ます/~ません => Polite, present form N5
Verb suffixes
うと~まいと,うが~まいが => Whether or not A (is/occurs) N1
Based/focused/depending on
~ませんか => Let's…, Would you like to... N5
Verb suffixes
~ました/~ませんでした => Polite, past form of verb N5
Verb suffixes
んがため => For the purpose of doing A N1
Reason, Result, Response
て下さいませんか => Please do A (polite) N5
Asking and Telling
どんなに~うが => No matter what A, no matter how A N1
Miscellaneous
をくださいませんか => Please give me A (polite) N5
Asking and Telling
と([思「おも」]う、[言「い」]う、[考「かんが」]える) => That A N4
Particles
に[反「はん」]して/に[反「はん」]し/に[反「はん」]する/に[反「はん」]した => In contrast to A N2
Contrast,Surprise
まま => Still, unchange N4
Situations and Experiences
んです => Because, by… N4
Situations and Experiences