ギリシャで行方不明者続出、酷暑が脳に影響か
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Many people go missing in Greece; intense heat may be affecting brains
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Many people go missing in Greece; intense heat may be affecting brains
気温が40度を超えるギリシャで観光客の死亡や行方不明が相次いでいる
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Tourists die or go missing in Greece, where temperatures exceed 40 degrees Celsius
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Tourists die or go missing in Greece, where temperatures exceed 40 degrees Celsius
英国のテレビで活躍したマイケル・モズリーさんも猛暑の中散歩に出かけ、遺体で発見された
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British TV star Michael Mosley was also found dead after going for a walk in the intense heat.
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British TV star Michael Mosley was also found dead after going for a walk in the intense heat.
サモス島では15日、オランダ人観光客が死亡しているのが見つかった
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A Dutch tourist was found dead on the island of Samos on the 15th.
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A Dutch tourist was found dead on the island of Samos on the 15th.
翌日にはコルフ島西側のマトラキ島で米国人観光客の遺体を発見
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The next day, the body of an American tourist was found on the island of Matraki on the west side of Corfu.
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The next day, the body of an American tourist was found on the island of Matraki on the west side of Corfu.
別の米国人観光客も11日にアモルゴス島で行方不明となっている
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Another American tourist also went missing on Amorgos Island on the 11th.
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Another American tourist also went missing on Amorgos Island on the 11th.
シキノス島ではフランス人女性2人が散歩に出かけた後消息を絶った
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Two French women disappeared after going for a walk on Sikinos Island.
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Two French women disappeared after going for a walk on Sikinos Island.
当局は正確な死因の特定には遺体の検査が必要だとしながらも、行方不明になった人たち全員が高温の中ハイキングに出かけていたという共通点があることを挙げ、熱暑の影響を軽視しないよう警告している
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Officials say that an examination of the bodies is needed to determine the exact cause of death, but they point to the commonality that all of the missing people had gone hiking in hot weather, suggesting that the heat may have been a factor. I warn you not to take it lightly.
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Officials say that an examination of the bodies is needed to determine the exact cause of death, but they point to the commonality that all of the missing people had gone hiking in hot weather, suggesting that the heat may have been a factor. I warn you not to take it lightly.
一部の科学者は極度の暑さが身体、特に脳に与え、混乱を引き起こし、人々の意思決定能力、さらにはリスク認識に影響を与える可能性があると警告している
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Some scientists have warned that extreme heat can affect the body, particularly the brain, causing confusion and affecting people’s decision-making ability and even risk perception.
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Some scientists have warned that extreme heat can affect the body, particularly the brain, causing confusion and affecting people’s decision-making ability and even risk perception.
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body temperature is regulated by the brain
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body temperature is regulated by the brain
視床下部は小さなダイヤモンド型をした構造で、体温を37度付近に保つよう自動で調節する
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The hypothalamus is a small diamond-shaped structure that automatically regulates body temperature to keep it around 37 degrees Celsius.
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The hypothalamus is a small diamond-shaped structure that automatically regulates body temperature to keep it around 37 degrees Celsius.
暑くなると視床下部は汗腺を活性化し、血管を広げて体を冷やす
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When it gets hot, the hypothalamus activates sweat glands and dilates blood vessels to cool the body.
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When it gets hot, the hypothalamus activates sweat glands and dilates blood vessels to cool the body.
脳は狭い温度範囲内でうまく機能するが、小さな変化でも影響を受ける
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The brain functions well within a narrow temperature range, but even small changes can be affected
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The brain functions well within a narrow temperature range, but even small changes can be affected
多くの人は暑い夏の日に動きが緩慢になり、怠惰になった経験があるはずだ
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Many of us have experienced feeling sluggish and lazy on hot summer days.
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Many of us have experienced feeling sluggish and lazy on hot summer days.
サウス・ウェールズ大学のダミアン・ベイリー教授は、気温が上昇すると体内の水分が減少し、脳への血流が減少するなど深刻な影響が出る可能性があると話す
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Professor Damian Bailey, from the University of South Wales, said rising temperatures could lead to a decrease in water in the body, which could have serious effects such as reduced blood flow to the brain.
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Professor Damian Bailey, from the University of South Wales, said rising temperatures could lead to a decrease in water in the body, which could have serious effects such as reduced blood flow to the brain.
脳が機能するには膨大な資源が必要だという
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The brain requires enormous resources to function.
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The brain requires enormous resources to function.
ベイリー氏が行った実験では、温度を21度から40度まで上げたところ、脳への血流が約9~10%低下した
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In Bailey’s experiments, raising the temperature from 21 to 40 degrees reduced blood flow to the brain by about 9 to 10 percent.
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In Bailey’s experiments, raising the temperature from 21 to 40 degrees reduced blood flow to the brain by about 9 to 10 percent.
同氏は常時フル稼働しているエンジンに十分な燃料が供給されないようなもので、大きな問題だと説明した
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He described it as a big problem, like not having enough fuel for an engine that is running at full capacity all the time.
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He described it as a big problem, like not having enough fuel for an engine that is running at full capacity all the time.
ワシントン州立大学のキム・マイデンバウアー氏は、極度の暑さは脳の通常の活動を妨げる可能性があると話す
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Extreme heat can disrupt normal brain activity, says Kim Meidenbauer of Washington State University.
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Extreme heat can disrupt normal brain activity, says Kim Meidenbauer of Washington State University.
人々が明確に思考、推論、記憶し、考えを構築して系統立てて説明できるようにしている脳のネットワークの「調子が悪くなる」可能性があるという
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The brain networks that enable people to think clearly, reason, remember, structure ideas and explain them systematically can become ”out of whack”.
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The brain networks that enable people to think clearly, reason, remember, structure ideas and explain them systematically can become ”out of whack”.
例えば、ハイキングでどの道を選ぶかといった複雑な決定を下すことが難しくなる
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For example, it becomes difficult to make complex decisions, such as which trail to choose on a hike.
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For example, it becomes difficult to make complex decisions, such as which trail to choose on a hike.
こうした意思決定は単純に聞こえるが、複数の異なる要因を比較検討する必要があるのだ
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These decisions sound simple, but they require weighing several different factors.
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These decisions sound simple, but they require weighing several different factors.
マイデンバウアー氏は、人々は高温にさらされると、リスクを伴う判断を下したり、衝動的な行動を取ったりする可能性が高くなることを示唆する証拠もあると語った
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Meidenbauer said there is also evidence to suggest that people are more likely to make risky decisions or act impulsively when exposed to high temperatures.
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Meidenbauer said there is also evidence to suggest that people are more likely to make risky decisions or act impulsively when exposed to high temperatures.