本百姓

freeholding farmer; freeholding peasant

姓

せい しょう そう かばね

hereditary title (used in ancient Japan to denote rank and political standing)

俗姓

ぞくしょう ぞくせい

secular surname (of a priest)

他姓

たせい

another surname

下姓

げしょう しもせい

person of humble birth

姓名

せいめい

full name

現姓

one's current family name; woman's family name after she married

異姓

いせい

different surname, different family name

復姓

reverting to one's original family name; reverting to one's maiden name

旧姓

きゅうせい

one's former (maiden) name

四姓

しせい

the four great families of the age (esp. the Minamoto clan, the Taira clan, the Fujiwara clan and the Tachibana clan)

外姓

がいせい

mothers family name

元姓

げんせい

former surname, original surname

複姓

ふくせい

two-character surname (in China); compound surname

八姓

はっせい

eight hereditary titles (designated by Emperor Tenmu in 684 CE: Mahito, Asomi, Sukune, Imiki, Michinoshi, Omi, Muraji, Inagi)

漢姓

かんせい

Chinese surname; Chinese family name

同姓

どうせい

same surname

姓氏

せいし

full name, family name

改姓

かいせい

changing one's family name