敬語おもしろ相談室4/7：文化庁

Name: 敬語おもしろ相談室4/7：文化庁
Channel: 文部科学省/mextchannel

All About Keigo Part 4 of 7

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課長は資料を全部持って行くつもりかな？
Is the manager going to take all the documents away?
課長！そのファイル会議室にお持ちしますか。
Manager! Taking those files to the meeting room?
うん、よろしく頼むよ。
Yeah, thanks.
うーん、参ったな、課長が自分で持って行くのか聞きたかったんだけど。
Oh dear. I wanted to ask the manager if he was taking them by himself.
先生、敬語の使い方間違ってましたか？
Teacher, did I make a mistake in the way I used honorific speech?
はいはい、お呼びですか？神田京子でございます。
Yes, yes, did you call? I'm Kanda Kyoko.
新人君、今のは課長さんが正解です。
Newcomer, the manager was correct just now.
誤解されるのも無理はありません。
It's not his fault you were misunderstood.
まずはちゃっちゃと書類を届けてらっしゃいな。
First of all, quickly go and deliver the documents.
さて皆さん、今の間違い気付きましたか？
Now then, everyone. Did you notice the mistake just now?
今回は間違いやすい敬語の使い方を色々見て参りましょう。
This time, let's look the usage of various honorific expressions that are easy to make mistakes with.
では先ほどのシーンから、
Okay, from the scene just now...
課長！そのファイル会議室にお持ちしますか。
Manager! Taking those files to the meeting room?
この「お持ちする」というのは、立派な謙譲語一。
This "taking" is a splendid humble language I.
つまり行動するのは、目下の自分に当たります。
In other words, the one taking action applies to the subordinate, yourself.
課長さんは新人君が運ぶと正しく理解したわけです。
That's why the manager understood correctly that the newcomer will transport it.
じゃあ何と言えばよかったんでしょう。
Then what should I have said?
「持つ」の尊敬語「お持ちになる」と言えば、行動するのは課長本人だということを示します。
The honorific expression for "take", if you say "to be taking", it denotes the one taking action is the manager himself.
というわけで、こちら。
That means, here.
課長、そのファイル会議室にお持ちになりますか？
Manager! Will you be taking those files to the meeting room?
ピンポン、それなら正解！
Bingo! That's correct.
「お」や「ご」を付けるのは尊敬語の場合だから相手に使って、自分に付けちゃだめですよね？
Attaching "o" or "go" is for situations with honorific expression, so we use it on the other person. It's not okay to attach it to ourselves, right?
でも、「ご説明をしたいのですが」というような場合は、説明するのが自分なのに「ご」を付けてもいいんですか？
But, in situations such as "I would like to explain" - the one explaining is myself, yet is it okay for me to attach "go" too?
なかなか鋭いですね。
You're quite sharp.
うん、「お」や「ご」は、「先生をお待ちする」「ご報告をする」など自分の動作でも、
Yes, "o" or "go", even for your own actions such as "waiting for the teacher", "making a report",
立てるべき人に対する動作だと謙譲語一になるので問題なく使えます。
if it's an action done to someone you should honor, it's humble language I, so you can use it without problems.
また「私のお菓子」と言う時も美化語ですからもちろん大丈夫。
Also, when saying "my snacks", it's beautification language, so it's also okay, of course.
だめなのは自分の動作などに付ける場合。
What's not okay is if you attach it to your own actions.
例えば、
For example,
「私のお考え」とか「ご旅行に行ってきました」なんて使いますと、自分への尊敬語になってしまいます。
If you use it like in "my opinion", or "I went for a trip", it winds up becoming honorific language towards yourself.
動作をするのが、自分なのか、相手なのか、そして立てるべき人に対する動作なのかで、
Use whether the one doing the action is yourself or the other party, and whether it's an action towards a person you should honor
使えるかどうかが決まって参ります。
to decide whether or not it can be used.
「先生をお待ちする」のように謙譲語一ならオッケー。
If it's humble expression I that's something like "I'm waiting for the teacher", it's okay.
あっ！勉強中みたいね、珍しい。
My! Looks like you're studying. How unusual.
もう！珍しいってひどいな。
Come on! That's bad of you to say unusual!
でも最近何だか敬語に目覚めちゃって。
But recently, I've somehow awakened to honorific language.
それはいい心掛けだね。
That's an excellent attitude.
ええ、まあ
Yeah, I guess.
ところで、この二重敬語って何ですか？
By the way, what is this double honorific expression?
名前の通り、一つの言葉に同じ種類の敬語が二重に使われてる場合のこと。
Like the name suggests, it's the situation where the same type of honorific is being used twice in one phrase.
「お読みになられる」なんてのが、まあ、この例ですね。
Something like "to be reading" is, well, this example.
尊敬語が重なっているので、一般的には不適切だと言われているんだけど、
Honorific expressions are overlapping, so usually it will be said to be inappropriate, but...
でも一般に定着している「お見えになる」や「お伺いする」などは使っても大丈夫。
But it's okay to use it those having normal attachments like "to be seeing" or "to be asking".
へえ、じゃあ、この敬語連結との違いは？
Wow, then, what's the difference with this honorific conjugation?
おお、勉強してますね。
Ohhh, you're studying, huh?
敬語連結というのは、二つの敬語を助詞の「て」で繋げたもの。
Honorific conjugation refers to two honorifics being conjugated together by the "te" particle.
例えば、「お読みになっていらっしゃる」は？
For example, "will you be reading" is?
分かった！
I got it!
「お読みになる」と「いらっしゃる」の二つの尊敬語が助詞の「て」で繋げられてるってことですよね。
It's two honorific expressions, "to be reading" and "to be doing" being linked by the particle "te",right?
ピンポーン！正解！
Bingo! Correct!
これは助詞の「て」を挟んで、結び付きが正しければ問題なし。
If this insertion of the particle "te" ties up correctly, there's no problem.
いろんな例があるから、いつも先輩達の会話に耳を傾けて、敬語に関心を持つことも大切ですよ。
There are various examples, so it's important to always lend an ear to conversations of seniors and have an interest in honorific language.
はい、頑張ります！
Yes, I'll do my best!
頑張って！
Do your best!
ここで一句。
Here's a sentence.
勘違い「お」と「ご」を付けて、自分立て。
Attaching a mistaken "o" or "go" honors yourself.
勘違い「お」と「ご」を付けて、自分立て。
Attaching a mistaken "o" or "go" honors yourself.
それでは、これにて。
Well then, that will be all.

課長は資料を全部持って行くつもりかな？

課長

Section manager, section chief

資料

Materials, data, document

行く

To go, to move (in a direction or towards a specific location), to head (towards), to be transported (towards), to reach; to proceed, to take place; to pass through, to come and go; to walk; to die, to pass away; to do (in a specific way); to stream, to flow; to continue; to have an orgasm, to come, to cum; to trip, to get high, to have a drug-induced hallucination

全部

All, entire, whole, altogether
課長！そのファイル会議室にお持ちしますか。

会議

Meeting, conference, session, assembly, council, convention, congress

課長

Section manager, section chief

室

Greenhouse, icehouse, cellar

持ち

Hold, charge, keep possession, in charge; wear, durability, life, draw; usage

ファイル

File
うん、よろしく頼むよ。

頼む

To request, to beg, to ask; to call, to order, to reserve; to entrust to; to rely on
うーん、参ったな、課長が自分で持って行くのか聞きたかったんだけど。

課長

Section manager, section chief

行く

To go, to move (in a direction or towards a specific location), to head (towards), to be transported (towards), to reach; to proceed, to take place; to pass through, to come and go; to walk; to die, to pass away; to do (in a specific way); to stream, to flow; to continue; to have an orgasm, to come, to cum; to trip, to get high, to have a drug-induced hallucination

自分

Myself, yourself, oneself, himself, herself; i, me; you

聞き

Hearing, audible sound; rumour, rumor, hearsay, reputation; tasting (alcohol, tea, etc.)

うーん

Hmm, well
先生、敬語の使い方間違ってましたか？

敬語

Honorific, term of respect, polite expression, honorific language

先生

Teacher, master, doctor; with names of teachers, etc. as an honorific; previous existence

使い方

Way to use something, treatment, management (of help)
はいはい、お呼びですか？神田京子でございます。

神田

Field affiliated with a shrine (the tax-exempt proceeds of its harvest going to pay for shrine operations)

お呼び

call, invitation
新人君、今のは課長さんが正解です。

課長

Section manager, section chief

君

Mr (junior), master, boy

正解

Correct, right, correct interpretation (answer, solution)

新人

New face, newcomer, rookie, fresh recruit; modern humans (from cro-magnon man onwards)

今

The current ..., this; today''s ..
誤解されるのも無理はありません。

無理

Unreasonable, unnatural, unjustifiable; impossible; forcible, forced, compulsory; excessive (work, etc.), immoderate; to work too hard, to try too hard; irrational

誤解

Misunderstanding
まずはちゃっちゃと書類を届けてらっしゃいな。

書類

Documents, official papers
さて皆さん、今の間違い気付きましたか？

間違い

Mistake, error, blunder; accident, mishap, trouble; improper conduct (e.g. between man and woman), indiscretion

今

The current ..., this; today''s ..

皆さん

All, everyone, everybody

気付き

Awareness, realization
今回は間違いやすい敬語の使い方を色々見て参りましょう。

今回

Now, this time, lately

間違い

Mistake, error, blunder; accident, mishap, trouble; improper conduct (e.g. between man and woman), indiscretion

敬語

Honorific, term of respect, polite expression, honorific language

色々

Various; various colors (colours)

使い方

Way to use something, treatment, management (of help)

見

View (of life, etc.), outlook

参り

Visit (to a religious site, e.g. shrine, temple, grave)
では先ほどのシーンから、

先

Former, previous, old; first move (in go, shogi, etc.), opening move

シーン

Scene
課長！そのファイル会議室にお持ちしますか。

会議

Meeting, conference, session, assembly, council, convention, congress

課長

Section manager, section chief

室

Greenhouse, icehouse, cellar

持ち

Hold, charge, keep possession, in charge; wear, durability, life, draw; usage

ファイル

File
この「お持ちする」というのは、立派な謙譲語一。

立派

Splendid, fine, handsome, elegant, imposing, prominent; praiseworthy, creditable, worthy; legal, legitimate, lawful; undeniable (e.g. crime), indisputable, solid

語

Language; word

一

One; best; first, foremost; beginning, start; bottom string (on a shamisen, etc.)

持ち

Hold, charge, keep possession, in charge; wear, durability, life, draw; usage

謙譲

modesty, humility
つまり行動するのは、目下の自分に当たります。

行動

Action, conduct, behaviour, behavior, mobilization, mobilisation

目下

At present, now

当たり

Hit; success; guess, prediction; affability, friendliness; sensation, touch; bruise (on fruit); situation in which a stone or chain of stones may be captured on the next move (in the game of go); bite (of a fish on a hook), strike; per, each

自分

Myself, yourself, oneself, himself, herself; i, me; you
課長さんは新人君が運ぶと正しく理解したわけです。

課長

Section manager, section chief

君

Mr (junior), master, boy

運ぶ

To carry, to transport, to move, to convey; to come, to go; to wield (a tool, etc.), to use; to go (well, etc.), to proceed, to progress

理解

Understanding, comprehension, appreciation, sympathy

新人

New face, newcomer, rookie, fresh recruit; modern humans (from cro-magnon man onwards)

正しく

Surely, no doubt, evidently
じゃあ何と言えばよかったんでしょう。

何

What; how many; you-know-what, that; whatsit, what''s the expression, what do you call them; what?; hey!

じゃあ

Then, well, so, well then; combination of ''de'' and ''wa'' particles; plain copula
「持つ」の尊敬語「お持ちになる」と言えば、行動するのは課長本人だということを示します。

課長

Section manager, section chief

本人

The person himself

語

Language; word

行動

Action, conduct, behaviour, behavior, mobilization, mobilisation

尊敬

Respect, esteem, reverence, honour, honor

持つ

To hold (in one''s hand), to take, to carry; to possess, to have, to own; to maintain, to keep; to last, to be durable, to keep, to survive; to take charge of, to be in charge of

持ち

Hold, charge, keep possession, in charge; wear, durability, life, draw; usage

示し

Discipline, revelation
というわけで、こちら。
課長、そのファイル会議室にお持ちになりますか？

会議

Meeting, conference, session, assembly, council, convention, congress

課長

Section manager, section chief

室

Greenhouse, icehouse, cellar

持ち

Hold, charge, keep possession, in charge; wear, durability, life, draw; usage

ファイル

File
ピンポン、それなら正解！

正解

Correct, right, correct interpretation (answer, solution)

ピンポン

ping-pong, table tennis; exactly!, surely!, that's it!
「お」や「ご」を付けるのは尊敬語の場合だから相手に使って、自分に付けちゃだめですよね？

場合

Case, situation

相手

Companion, partner, company; other party, addressee; opponent (sports, etc.)

語

Language; word

尊敬

Respect, esteem, reverence, honour, honor

付ける

To attach, to join, to add, to append, to affix, to stick, to glue, to fasten, to sew on, to apply (ointment); to furnish (a house with); to wear, to put on; to keep a diary, to make an entry; to appraise, to set (a price); to allot, to budget, to assign; to bring alongside; to place (under guard or doctor); to follow, to shadow; to load, to give (courage to); to keep (an eye on); to establish (relations or understanding); to turn on (light)

自分

Myself, yourself, oneself, himself, herself; i, me; you

付け

Dated, date, fixed, external
でも、「ご説明をしたいのですが」というような場合は、説明するのが自分なのに「ご」を付けてもいいんですか？

説明

Explanation, exposition

場合

Case, situation

自分

Myself, yourself, oneself, himself, herself; i, me; you

付け

Dated, date, fixed, external
なかなか鋭いですね。

鋭い

Sharp (blade), pointed; sharp (pain), stabbing, cutting (remark), stinging, pointed (question or look), screeching (noise); perceptive, keen, quick (mind), astute, shrewd, discerning; nimble, agile, quick
うん、「お」や「ご」は、「先生をお待ちする」「ご報告をする」など自分の動作でも、

報告

Report, information

動作

Action, movements, motions, bearing, behaviour, behavior, execution, actuation, operation, manners

自分

Myself, yourself, oneself, himself, herself; i, me; you

先生

Teacher, master, doctor; with names of teachers, etc. as an honorific; previous existence
立てるべき人に対する動作だと謙譲語一になるので問題なく使えます。

立てる

To stand up, to put up, to set up, to erect, to raise; to thrust into, to bury into, to dig into; to make (a noise), to start (a rumour), to raise (a cloud of dust, etc.), to cause; to make, to establish, to set up, to develop, to formulate; to put up (a political candidate), to make (one''s leader); to treat with respect, to give (someone) their due, to make (someone) look good, to avoid embarrassing (someone); to sharpen, to make clear; to shut, to close; to make tea (macha), to perform the tea ceremony; to divide by; to do ... vigorously

語

Language; word

動作

Action, movements, motions, bearing, behaviour, behavior, execution, actuation, operation, manners

人

Person

一

One; best; first, foremost; beginning, start; bottom string (on a shamisen, etc.)

問題

Question (e.g. on a test), problem; problem (e.g. societal, political), question, issue, subject (e.g. of research), case, matter; question (i.e. doubt); public discussion, controversy; trouble, problem, inconvenience, difficulty

に対する

Regarding, in, to, towards, with regards to

謙譲

modesty, humility
また「私のお菓子」と言う時も美化語ですからもちろん大丈夫。

語

Language; word

時

Time, hour, moment; occasion, case; chance, opportunity, season; the times, the age, the day; tense

言う

To say, to utter, to declare; to name, to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"), to make a noise

お菓子

Confections, sweets, candy

大丈夫

Safe, all right, alright, ok, okay, sure; certainly, surely, undoubtedly; great man, fine figure of a man

私

I, me

美化

beautification, glorification
だめなのは自分の動作などに付ける場合。

場合

Case, situation

付ける

To attach, to join, to add, to append, to affix, to stick, to glue, to fasten, to sew on, to apply (ointment); to furnish (a house with); to wear, to put on; to keep a diary, to make an entry; to appraise, to set (a price); to allot, to budget, to assign; to bring alongside; to place (under guard or doctor); to follow, to shadow; to load, to give (courage to); to keep (an eye on); to establish (relations or understanding); to turn on (light)

動作

Action, movements, motions, bearing, behaviour, behavior, execution, actuation, operation, manners

自分

Myself, yourself, oneself, himself, herself; i, me; you
例えば、

例えば

For example, e.g
「私のお考え」とか「ご旅行に行ってきました」なんて使いますと、自分への尊敬語になってしまいます。

考え

Thinking, thought, view, opinion, concept; idea, notion, imagination; intention, plan, design; consideration, judgement, deliberation, reflection; wish, hope, expectation

語

Language; word

尊敬

Respect, esteem, reverence, honour, honor

自分

Myself, yourself, oneself, himself, herself; i, me; you

旅行

Travel, trip

私

I, me

なんて

Such as, (things) like; exclamation

使い

Errand, mission, going as envoy; messenger, bearer, errand boy, errand girl; familiar spirit; use, usage, user, trainer, tamer, charmer
動作をするのが、自分なのか、相手なのか、そして立てるべき人に対する動作なのかで、

立てる

To stand up, to put up, to set up, to erect, to raise; to thrust into, to bury into, to dig into; to make (a noise), to start (a rumour), to raise (a cloud of dust, etc.), to cause; to make, to establish, to set up, to develop, to formulate; to put up (a political candidate), to make (one''s leader); to treat with respect, to give (someone) their due, to make (someone) look good, to avoid embarrassing (someone); to sharpen, to make clear; to shut, to close; to make tea (macha), to perform the tea ceremony; to divide by; to do ... vigorously

相手

Companion, partner, company; other party, addressee; opponent (sports, etc.)

動作

Action, movements, motions, bearing, behaviour, behavior, execution, actuation, operation, manners

人

Person

自分

Myself, yourself, oneself, himself, herself; i, me; you

に対する

Regarding, in, to, towards, with regards to
使えるかどうかが決まって参ります。

参り

Visit (to a religious site, e.g. shrine, temple, grave)

使える

To be usable, to be serviceable, to be useful
「先生をお待ちする」のように謙譲語一ならオッケー。

語

Language; word

一

One; best; first, foremost; beginning, start; bottom string (on a shamisen, etc.)

先生

Teacher, master, doctor; with names of teachers, etc. as an honorific; previous existence

謙譲

modesty, humility
あっ！勉強中みたいね、珍しい。

珍しい

Unusual, rare, curious; new, novel; fine (e.g. gift)

勉強

Study; diligence; discount, reduction

中

Inside, in; among, within; center (centre), middle; during, while

みたい

-like, sort of, similar to, resembling
もう！珍しいってひどいな。

珍しい

Unusual, rare, curious; new, novel; fine (e.g. gift)
でも最近何だか敬語に目覚めちゃって。

最近

Most recent, these days, right now, recently, nowadays

敬語

Honorific, term of respect, polite expression, honorific language

何だか

(a) little, somewhat, somehow

目覚め

Waking
それはいい心掛けだね。
ええ、まあ
ところで、この二重敬語って何ですか？

何

What; how many; you-know-what, that; whatsit, what''s the expression, what do you call them; what?; hey!

敬語

Honorific, term of respect, polite expression, honorific language

重

-fold, -ply

二

Two
名前の通り、一つの言葉に同じ種類の敬語が二重に使われてる場合のこと。

場合

Case, situation

種類

Variety, kind, type, category; counter for different sorts of things

通り

In accordance with ..., following ..; roughly, about; .. street, .. avenue

敬語

Honorific, term of respect, polite expression, honorific language

重

-fold, -ply

同じ

Same, identical, equal, uniform, equivalent, similar, common (origin), changeless, alike; (usu. part of a ''nara'' conditional) anyway, anyhow, in either case

言葉

Language, dialect; word, words, phrase, term, expression, remark; speech, (manner of) speaking

名前

Name, full name; given name, first name

二

Two

一つ

One; for one thing; only; (not) even; just (e.g. "just try it")
「お読みになられる」なんてのが、まあ、この例ですね。

読み

Reading

例

Custom, practice, habit, usual; said, aforementioned; instance, example, case, illustration, usage; precedent

なんて

Such as, (things) like; exclamation
尊敬語が重なっているので、一般的には不適切だと言われているんだけど、

一般

General, universal; ordinary, average, common

語

Language; word

尊敬

Respect, esteem, reverence, honour, honor

的

Mark, target

不適切

Unsuitable, inappropriate, improper
でも一般に定着している「お見えになる」や「お伺いする」などは使っても大丈夫。

一般

General, universal; ordinary, average, common

大丈夫

Safe, all right, alright, ok, okay, sure; certainly, surely, undoubtedly; great man, fine figure of a man

伺い

Call, visit; inquiry, enquiry, question

定着

taking hold, getting attached, becoming established, becoming entrenched, establishing
へえ、じゃあ、この敬語連結との違いは？

じゃあ

Then, well, so, well then; combination of ''de'' and ''wa'' particles; plain copula

違い

Difference, discrepancy

敬語

Honorific, term of respect, polite expression, honorific language

連結

Concatenation, coupling, connection, linking, consolidation (e.g. of company accounts)
おお、勉強してますね。

勉強

Study; diligence; discount, reduction
敬語連結というのは、二つの敬語を助詞の「て」で繋げたもの。

敬語

Honorific, term of respect, polite expression, honorific language

助詞

Particle, postposition

二つ

Two

連結

Concatenation, coupling, connection, linking, consolidation (e.g. of company accounts)
例えば、「お読みになっていらっしゃる」は？

いらっしゃる

To come, to go, to be (somewhere); is (doing), are (doing)

例えば

For example, e.g

読み

Reading
分かった！
「お読みになる」と「いらっしゃる」の二つの尊敬語が助詞の「て」で繋げられてるってことですよね。

いらっしゃる

To come, to go, to be (somewhere); is (doing), are (doing)

読み

Reading

語

Language; word

尊敬

Respect, esteem, reverence, honour, honor

助詞

Particle, postposition

二つ

Two
ピンポーン！正解！

正解

Correct, right, correct interpretation (answer, solution)
これは助詞の「て」を挟んで、結び付きが正しければ問題なし。

助詞

Particle, postposition

問題

Question (e.g. on a test), problem; problem (e.g. societal, political), question, issue, subject (e.g. of research), case, matter; question (i.e. doubt); public discussion, controversy; trouble, problem, inconvenience, difficulty
いろんな例があるから、いつも先輩達の会話に耳を傾けて、敬語に関心を持つことも大切ですよ。

会話

Conversation

先輩

Senior (at work or school), superior, elder, older graduate, progenitor, old-timer

例

Custom, practice, habit, usual; said, aforementioned; instance, example, case, illustration, usage; precedent

関心

Concern, interest

敬語

Honorific, term of respect, polite expression, honorific language

大切

Important, necessary, indispensable; beloved, precious, dear, cherished, valuable; careful

耳

Ear; hearing; edge, crust; selvedge (non-fray machined edge of fabrics), selvage

持つ

To hold (in one''s hand), to take, to carry; to possess, to have, to own; to maintain, to keep; to last, to be durable, to keep, to survive; to take charge of, to be in charge of

達

Pluralizing suffix (esp. for people & animals; formerly honorific)
はい、頑張ります！

頑張り

Tenacity, endurance
頑張って！
ここで一句。

一句

phrase (verse, line); one haiku-poem
勘違い「お」と「ご」を付けて、自分立て。

勘違い

Misunderstanding, wrong guess

自分

Myself, yourself, oneself, himself, herself; i, me; you

立て

Particularly, especially; indicates the number of horses or oxen drawing a carriage, indicates the number of oars on a boat; indicates the number of movies, plays, etc. comprising a single program, indicates the number of items or methods used

付け

Dated, date, fixed, external
勘違い「お」と「ご」を付けて、自分立て。

勘違い

Misunderstanding, wrong guess

自分

Myself, yourself, oneself, himself, herself; i, me; you

立て

Particularly, especially; indicates the number of horses or oxen drawing a carriage, indicates the number of oars on a boat; indicates the number of movies, plays, etc. comprising a single program, indicates the number of items or methods used

付け

Dated, date, fixed, external
それでは、これにて。